It's part of a plan to accomplish the remaining steps of the landmark energy deal they signed last fall.

There is to be a new scheme for carbon emissions pricing in Alberta, and a commitment from Carney to declare the pipeline as being in the national interest by October of this year.

Alberta's effective industrial carbon emission price is to rise to $130 per tonne by 2040. And its headline price would rise to $140 per tonne also by 2040 from the current $95 per tonne. 

The effective price refers to how much carbon credits are sold for on the market, while the headline price refers to how much companies pay the province to comply with emission limits.

Carney and Smith, meeting in Calgary, said the implementation plan shows Alberta and Canada are serious about supporting and expanding the energy sector.

"We're much closer to attaining our joint ambition to make Canada into a global energy leader and a trusted supplier of responsibly produced lower emissions energy in the world," Smith told reporters.

"We've accomplished a lot together in less than six months."

The prime minister said the pipeline remains dependent on the Pathways carbon-capture project in Alberta.

That means the next step is reaching a mutual agreement with the Oil Sands Alliance, the consortium of major oil players behind the project.

There also needs to be consultation with First Nations on the pipeline, and Smith and Carney said they will continue engaging with British Columbia.

"Earning trust, as we all know, it requires more than just ambition," Carney said. "It requires partnership and requires co-operation, co-operation that respects our duty to consult and ensures Indigenous economic benefits and opportunities for co-ownership exist in every project."

The agreement includes a commitment from Alberta to facilitate investment in renewable energy projects.

No private company has come forward or been announced to build and own the pipeline.

Smith's government has been acting as the proponent so far and has been undertaking initial planning and consultations. Smith has said an initial proposal would be submitted to Ottawa before July.

Alberta officials said the province hopes to see oil start flowing through the pipeline in 2033 or 2034.

A headline carbon emission price of $140 per tonne by 2040 for Alberta means Ottawa is permitting a much weaker pricing scheme, as the current federal backstop price is scheduled to reach $170 per tonne by 2030.

Briefing materials shared by Ottawa said the current carbon policy in Alberta hasn't been working effectively due to an oversupply of carbon credits. 

The flooded market has led to credits trading for $40 per tonne — last year reaching as low as $17 per tonne — far below the current federal headline price of $110 per tonne. 

"This $70 gap means that decarbonization is not being incentivized as effectively as it should be," says a briefing document.

Friday's announcement commits Alberta to bring in a minimum price for credits that companies buy and use to fulfil emission requirements. It says the minimum transfer price would be set at $60 starting in 2030 and gradually increase to $110 by 2040.

The deal is likely to force Ottawa to be more lenient with other provinces following the federal price. The Supreme Court of Canada ruled in 2021 that all jurisdictions need equal treatment for carbon pricing.

Oil and gas industry leaders have said in recent weeks that Ottawa's carbon policy is putting Canada at a competitive disadvantage, especially compared to other oil-exporting nations that don't have carbon pricing.

Others, including Nancy Southern, chief executive officer of ATCO, have said Canada's industry can afford a higher price.

Environmental groups were quick to condemn the carbon price plan Friday, saying it puts Canada's net zero ambitions out of reach and does nothing to tackle emissions in the oil and gas industry.

Chris Severson-Baker, executive director of Pembina Institute, a clean energy think tank, said he was expecting stiffer prices from Carney, especially considering other environmental concessions have already been made as part of the energy pact with Alberta.

Smith told reporters later Friday that the $130 per tonne price is a concession from her government.

"If I had my druthers on what it would be set at, it would probably be somewhere around $50 (per tonne)," Smith said, saying she believed the lower figure would still incentivize emissions reduction.

Carney pushed back against the environmental concerns and said the deal would put an end to Alberta's existing carbon market allowing credits to be sold for the bottom dollar.

"This is climate action," he said.

He also touted expected benefits of the Pathways project, saying it would take the equivalent of emissions from 90 per cent of cars in Alberta out of the atmosphere every year.

Smith and Carney have said their plan shows Ottawa and Alberta can work together, but it may not be enough to entirely stomp out the separatist movement in the province.

Smith has said she supports a sovereign Alberta in a united Canada but also that Albertans are frustrated with Ottawa and deserve to be heard.

Earlier this week, an Alberta judge threw out a petition seeking to put separation to a referendum, ruling it should have never been issued and that Smith's government neglected its duty to consult First Nations.

Smith has said the province will appeal.

On Friday, she criticized the judge directly. "I just don't simply believe that an unelected judge should be able to run roughshod over all of these democratic provisions."

This report by The Canadian Press was first published May 15, 2026.

 

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